Side-spring buggies



G. PENNOYER.

SIDE SPRING BUGGY.

No. 254,839. Patented Mar. 14,1882.

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GEORGE PENNOYER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SIDE-SPRING eueelzs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 254,839, dated March14, 1882.

Application filed December 30, 1879.

I To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE PENNOYER, of thecity of Chicago, inthe county of Cook and State oflllinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Side-Spring Buggies,which improvements are fully set forth in the following specificationand. accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top view. Fig. 2 isa side view. Fig. 3 is a view of one of the equalizing-bars to which thesprings are attached.

The nature and objectof this invention are to provide a cheap and safemethod of constructing and arranging the equalizing-bars with otherimmediate parts of the buggy, whereby certain defects heretoforeexisting in sidespring buggies are obviated.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts in the differentdrawings.

A A are side bars or reach es, extending from the rear axle to thehead-block B.

D D are equalizing-bars, attached to the front and rear ends of thereaches A A in'the manner hereinafter shown. At each end of theseequalizing-bars are two arms, E E, made clevis shape and forged fromthese equalizingL-ibars. Between these two arms E E the ends ofthesprings F F are inserted and fastened thereby means of the bolt I. Thisequalizing-bar D works in boxes KKon the reaches A A. These boxes arelocated near the ends of the reaches, and are made by utilizing for thispurpose the common iron strap that is placed over the ends of thereaches and rear axle and headblock B. This is used for the lowerportion of the box. This iron or strap serves the double purpose of thebox for the equalizing-bar D and the ordinary purposes of ironing theends of the reaches. A cap-piece is placed over the iron or strap andfastened there by means of bolts. A recess is formed in each piece toreceive the journal of the equalizingbar. Thus the equalizing-bars formjournals,

and work in their boxes K K. These equaliz ing-bars have shouldersforged on them near each end, as shown in Fig. 3, and when placed in theboxes these shoulders fit snugly against the outer edges of the boxes,thus preventing any longitudinal movement.

The springs F F are of the ordinary semielliptic kind.

I have found by experience that in making the equalizing-bar as hereinshownthat is, with the arms E E forged from and part of the bar and inclevis form or shapeitis stronger and less liable to get out of order,and also by using boxes made as herein shown and located upon thereaches greater economy is accomplished and greater strength secured.

One-great difficulty in equalizing-bars hitherto used has been thetwisting or winding effect upon the rear axle and head-block, caused bysuspending the equalizingbars from them. The pressure from the springsisthus all thrown to one side of each, and when aheavy weight is in thebuggy this twisting or winding strain is very great on both the rearaxle and headblock.

I am aware that to accomplish the equalizing of the pressure upon thetwo springs various devices have been used, and that equalizing-barshave been employed; but none of them include my invention. I will referto a few of these device. Joshua Jones, AllemM. Ellis, and HoraceGriswold obtained a patent dated July 16, 1833, and No. 842, wherein areshown the equalizing-bars; but one of these bars is hinged to the rearaxle and the other to the head-block. Anson C. Stowe, under date ofNovember 24, 1868, and No. 84,316, and December 22, 1868, and No.85,144, obtained patents for certain improvements in side-springbuggies. In the first one are shown equalizin g-bars at front and rearend of the gear. Each rests upon posts set in rear axle and headblock,and controlled by a C-spring. In the second one are shownequalizing-bars of pecu liar shape at front and rear ends of thereaches. The equalizing-bars are bent levers of peculiar shape, and arenot connected directly with the side springs, and also have a rodconnecting them between the reaches. The elliptic springs are connecteddirectly with the rear axle and head-block. This does not include myinvention, as it does not do away with the twisting or winding effect ofthe springs upon the axle and head-block. John A. Toplilf and George H.Ely obtained a reissue No. 7,017, dated March 28, 1876, on im prcvementin connecting springs'to vehicles. In this reissue are used twoequalizing-bars and side springs; but the bars are suspended directlyfrom the rear axle and head-block, and in a marked degree is presentedin this reissue the objectionable tea ture of the winding or twistingeffect upon the axle and head-block, which in my improvement is entirelyobviated. By locating the equalizing-bars 0n the reaches, as hereinshown, no twisting or winding efl'ect is produced upon the axle orhead-block.

It is a well-known fact that when force is applied to either wood oriron or any kind of metal in a winding or wrenching direction itproduces a separation of the particles with greater ease and facilitythan when directly applied. This is well illustrated in that class ofside-spring buggies that suspend the equalizing-bars from rear axle andhead-block, as the weight of the occupants of-the buggy is finallyexerted on the head-block and rear axle in this form, which very soondestroys both.

I am also aware of the Canada patent granted to John McBride, No.218,012. In this pat- 20 ent are used yielding reaches, and the sidesprings are suspended from the head-block and rear axle, and thehalf-clip referred to is not constructed nor is it used in the mannerherein shown; hence this does not include nor does it embrace myinvention.

I claim as follows and desire to secure by Letters Patent- Thecombination of the rigid reaches A, springs F, and equalizing-bars D,the equalizing-bars D being located in bearings on top of 0 reaches A,said bearings consisting of a strap or tip iron having a recess in itsupper face, and a cap-piece similarly recessed and secured upon thestrap by belts or screws, whereby the mitted.

GEO. PENNOYER. Witnesses:

B. H. WELLER, F. SAYRE OSBORNE.

remm'al of the equalizer-bar at any time is per- 5

